Which management style features top-down decision-making and strict oversight?

• A. Harmonogram
• B. Risk register
• C. Toyota Production System
• D. Command-control

Answer: (D)

Top-down decision-making with strict oversight describes a command-control management style. In this approach, authority is centralized at the top, decisions are made there, and directions are expected to be followed with close supervision and little room for deviation. This creates uniform execution and tight control over outcomes.

The other options don’t fit this pattern. A scheduling concept focuses on timelines rather than how authority is exercised. A risk-tracking tool records potential problems rather than prescribing a management approach. The Toyota Production System emphasizes lean practices, continuous improvement, and empowering workers to identify and fix issues, which involves frontline input and less rigid control.

So the style that best matches top-down decisions and strict oversight is command-control.