Which term refers to a road surface made of layered, compacted crushed stone developed by John Loudon McAdam in the early 1800s?

• A. Pavement
• B. Asphalt
• C. Macadam
• D. Corduroy road

Answer: (C)

This is about a road surface built from layered, compacted crushed stone in a method introduced by John Loudon McAdam in the early 1800s. The idea is to lay stones in successive layers with careful size gradation and then roll them to create a firm, interlocking surface that drains well. The emphasis is on drainage and durable, stable support, which is why the term Macadam is used to describe this specific technique. This differs from a general pavement, which is any hard surface; asphalt, which uses a binder to hold aggregates together; and corduroy roads, which are made from wooden rails laid across swampy ground. Macadam specifically names the layered crushed-stone method.